Anxiety and depression among cancer patients: prevalence and associated factors

Abstract

Anxiety and depression are common psychological problems among cancer patients that can significantly impact their quality of life and treatment outcomes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression and identify associated factors among cancer patients receiving treatment at a tertiary care hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 300 adult cancer patients. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The prevalence of anxiety was 45.3% (95% CI: 39.7%–50.9%) and depression was 38.7% (95% CI: 33.2%–44.2%). Factors significantly associated with anxiety included younger age, female gender, advanced cancer stage, and higher perceived stress. Factors associated with depression included lower socioeconomic status, presence of chronic pain, and lower social support. The findings highlight the high burden of anxiety and depression in cancer patients and the need for routine psychological screening and interventions tailored to address specific risk factors. Integrating mental health services into oncology care can improve patient well-being and overall treatment experience.